Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tu thiab tshuaj tua kab mob yog kom ntseeg tau tias chav huv huv ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom huv huv microbial hauv lub sijhawm tsim nyog. Yog li ntawd, kev ntxuav chav huv thiab tshuaj tua kab mob yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj cov kab mob. Cov hauv qab no yog yim kauj ruam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tu thiab tshuaj tua kab mob kom ntseeg tau tias chav huv huv "kev huv huv."
1. Kev nkag siab zoo ntawm kev ntxuav thiab tshuaj tua kab mob
Kev ntxuav thiab tshuaj tua kab mob yog ob lub ntsiab lus sib txawv, qee zaum tsis meej pem. Kev ntxuav, feem ntau, suav nrog kev siv cov tshuaj ntxuav tes thiab yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej tshuaj tua kab mob. Detergents ntxuav qhov chaw, tshem tawm "roj" nto (xws li hmoov av thiab roj). Degreasing yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb ua ntej tshuaj tua kab mob, raws li cov roj ntau dua, cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsawg dua yuav zoo.
Cov tshuaj detergents feem ntau nkag mus rau hauv cov roj, txo nws lub zog saum npoo (cov roj clings rau saum npoo) kom ua tiav kev tshem tawm (kwv yees, cov tshuaj detergents nce lub zog ntxuav dej).
Kev tua kab mob muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob, uas tuaj yeem tua ntau cov kab mob microbial (qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob kuj yog sporicides).
2. Xaiv cov tshuaj ntxuav kom haum thiab tshuaj tua kab mob
Xaiv cov tshuaj ntxuav kom haum thiab tshuaj tua kab mob yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov neeg saib xyuas chav huv yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias cov tshuaj ntxuav thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab xaiv cov tshuaj ntxuav thiab tshuaj tua kab mob uas tsim nyog rau txhua hom chav huv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias qee cov tshuaj ntxuav thiab tshuaj tua kab mob tsis tuaj yeem sib xyaw.
Thaum xaiv tus neeg saib xyuas tu, cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no tseem ceeb:
a) Tus neeg saib xyuas yuav tsum yog nruab nrab thiab tsis-ionic.
b) Tus neeg saib xyuas yuav tsum tsis txhob ua npuas ncauj.
c) Tus neeg saib xyuas yuav tsum sib haum nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob (piv txwv li, tus neeg saib xyuas cov khoom seem yuav tsum tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov tshuaj tua kab mob).
Thaum xaiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no yuav tsum xav txog:
a) Yuav kom ua tau raws li GMP cov cai, ob lub tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tau tig. Txawm hais tias cov thawj coj tswj hwm xav kom siv ob yam tshuaj tua kab mob sib txawv, hais txog kev tshawb fawb, qhov no tsis tsim nyog. Txhawm rau daws qhov no, yuav tsum xaiv ob hom tshuaj tua kab mob sib txawv. Nws raug nquahu kom xaiv ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob uas tua cov kab mob spores.
b) Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum muaj kev ua haujlwm dav dav, txhais tau tias nws tua tau ntau hom kab mob microbial, suav nrog cov kab mob gram-negative thiab gram-positive.
c) Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum ua sai sai. Qhov ceev ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob yog nyob ntawm lub sijhawm sib cuag uas yuav tsum tau ua rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob tua cov kab mob microbial. Lub sijhawm tiv tauj no yog lub sijhawm ntev ntawm qhov chaw uas cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tau ntub dej.
d) Organic residues thiab detergent residues yuav tsum tsis txhob cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
e) Rau cov chav huv huv siab dua (xws li ISO 14644 Chav Kawm 5 thiab 7), cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum ua kom tsis muaj menyuam lossis ua kom tsis muaj menyuam los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm huv.
f) Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tsim nyog rau kev siv ntawm chav huv huv qhov chaw ua haujlwm kub. Yog tias chav huv huv yog chav txias txias, cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm qhov kub ntawd.
g) Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tsis txhob ua rau cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab puas. Yog tias muaj kev puas tsuaj, yuav tsum tau ntsuas los tiv thaiv nws. Ntau cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tua cov kab mob spores muaj cov tshuaj chlorine, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntaub ntawv tsis zoo xws li stainless hlau yog tias cov khoom seem tsis raug tshem tawm tam sim tom qab siv.
h) Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum tsis muaj teeb meem rau cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab ua raws li cov cai tswj kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb hauv zos.
i) Cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav tsum muaj kev lag luam yooj yim, yooj yim rau dilute, thiab muaj nyob rau hauv cov thawv tsim nyog, xws li cov tshuaj ntxuav tes. 3. Nkag siab txog ntau hom tshuaj tua kab mob
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tuaj ntau hom, haum rau ntau hom tshuaj tua kab mob thiab nthuav tawm ntau yam kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov kab mob. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob microbial nyob rau ntau txoj hauv kev, suav nrog kev tsom mus rau phab ntsa ntawm tes, cytoplasmic membrane (qhov twg phospholipids thiab enzymes muab ntau lub hom phiaj digestive), lossis cytoplasm. Kev nkag siab txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb thaum xaiv cov kab mob tua kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tsis yog kab mob (qhov txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tsis yog oxidizing thiab oxidizing tshuaj).
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tsis yog oxidizing muaj xws li cawv, aldehydes, amphoteric surfactants, biguanides, phenols, thiab quaternary ammonium compounds. Oxidizing tshuaj tua kab mob suav nrog halogens thiab oxidizing cov neeg ua haujlwm xws li peracetic acid thiab chlorine dioxide.
4. Siv tshuaj tua kab mob kom raug
Kev lees paub suav nrog kev kuaj sim siv AOAC (American) lossis European qauv. Qee qhov kev sim tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov chaw tsim tshuaj tua kab mob, thaum lwm qhov yuav tsum tau ua hauv tsev. Kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob muaj xws li kev sim tshuaj tua kab mob, uas suav nrog kev sim tshuaj tua kab mob sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv (raws li kev ncua), kuaj cov chaw sib txawv, thiab kuaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov kab mob sib txawv, suav nrog cov kab mob sib cais los ntawm qhov chaw.
5. Cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob
Hauv kev xyaum, ntau yam tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob. Kev nkag siab txog cov xwm txheej no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom muaj kev vam meej ntawm kev tua kab mob. Cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau kev ua kom cov tshuaj tua kab mob muaj xws li:
a) Concentration: Nws yog qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov concentration uas ua kom cov kab mob tua kab mob siab tshaj plaws. Qhov kev xav tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntau dua tua cov kab mob ntau dua yog cov lus dab neeg, vim tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsuas yog siv tau ntawm qhov tseeb.
b) Lub Sij Hawm: Lub sijhawm siv tshuaj tua kab mob tseem ceeb heev. Lub sijhawm txaus yog xav tau rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob txhawm rau txhawm rau cov kab mob, nkag mus rau phab ntsa ntawm tes, thiab ncav cuag lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb.
c) Tus naj npawb thiab hom kab mob. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig rau qee cov kab mob microbial vegetative. Piv txwv li, yog tias ib pawg loj ntawm cov kab mob microbial spores sib sau ua ke, cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tsis muaj peev xwm tua cov kab mob spores yuav tsis ua haujlwm. d) Kub thiab pH: Txhua yam tshuaj tua kab mob muaj qhov zoo tshaj pH thiab qhov kub thiab txias rau qhov ua tau zoo. Yog tias qhov kub thiab pH nyob sab nraud ntawm cov kab no, cov tshuaj tua kab mob yuav raug cuam tshuam.
6. Cov khoom siv tu
Cov ntaub ntawv siv tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tu yuav tsum tsim nyog thiab muaj peev xwm sib npaug ntawm ib txheej nyias ntawm txhua cov tshuaj ntxuav tes thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Cov tshuaj ntxuav thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob siv rau hauv pem teb, cov khoom siv, thiab cov phab ntsa hauv cov chaw tsim khoom tsis muaj menyuam yuav tsum yog chav huv huv thiab tsis muaj cov khoom siv (xws li, cov ntaub tsis-woven, lint-free fleece).
7. Cov txheej txheem ntxuav
Txoj kev ntxuav thiab tua kab mob yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Yog tias tsis siv cov tshuaj detergents thiab tshuaj tua kab mob kom raug, lawv yuav tsis ntxuav qhov chaw zoo. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov txheej txheem oily, ua rau kom muaj cov kab mob microbial siab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Cov txheej txheem ntxuav thiab tshuaj tua kab mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum nyob hauv qhov chaw, xws li:
Tshem tawm cov plua plav thiab khib nyiab (yog tias tsim nyog); So nrog cov tshuaj detergent kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj ntxuav tau qhuav; So nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob kom cov chaw tiv tauj kom noo thiab tuav lub sijhawm sib cuag; So nrog dej rau kev txhaj tshuaj lossis 70% IPA (isopropyl cawv) kom tshem tawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
8. Saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ntxuav thiab tshuaj tua kab mob
Qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev ntxuav thiab tshuaj tua kab mob feem ntau yog ntsuas los ntawm kev soj ntsuam ib puag ncig ntawm chav huv. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog ua los ntawm kev kuaj qhov chaw rau cov kab mob uas siv cov phaj kov thiab cov swabs. Yog tias cov txiaj ntsig tsis nyob hauv qhov kev txwv txiav txim siab lossis cov qauv kev tswj hwm hauv tuam txhab, tej zaum yuav muaj teeb meem nrog cov tshuaj ntxuav thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, qhov zaus ntawm kev ntxuav, lossis kev ntxuav. Hloov pauv, yog tias cov txiaj ntsig ua tau raws li cov qauv, cov thawj coj hauv chav huv tuaj yeem ntseeg tau tias chav huv huv yog tiag tiag "huv."
Cov ntsiab lus
Cov saum toj no teev yim kauj ruam rau kev tswj kom huv huv chav tsev siv cov tshuaj ntxuav thiab tshuaj tua kab mob. Nws raug pom zoo tias cov kauj ruam no yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm (SOPs) thiab cov kev cob qhia yuav raug muab rau cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tswj xyuas. Thaum lub tsev kho mob tau raug lees paub thiab tswj tau, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog siv cov txheej txheem los yog cov txheej txheem kom raug, cov tshuaj ntxuav kom tsim nyog thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab ntxuav thiab tshuaj tua kab mob hauv lub chaw tsis tu ncua ntawm lub sijhawm teem tseg. Ua li no, chav huv tuaj yeem huv.
Post lub sij hawm: Oct-13-2025